Philosophy

Subject : Philosophy

Section-A(Problems of Philosophy)

1. Substance and Attributes :
Aristole, Descartes, Locke, Berkeley's criticism,
Nyaya-Viasesika, Buddhist criticism of Pudgala.

2. God, Soul and the World :
Thomas Acquinas, St. Augustine, Spinoza, Descartes,
Nyaya-Vaisesika, Sankara, Ramanuja.

3. Universals :
Realism and Nominalism (Plato, Aristotle, Berkeley's
criticism of abstract ideas, Nyay-Vaisesika, Buddhism).

4. Bases of Knowledge :
Pramanavada in Carvaka,Nyaya-Vaisesika, Buddhism,
Advaita Vedanta.

5. Truth and Error :
Correspondence Theory, Coherence theory, Pragmatic
Theory; Khyativada (Anyathakhyati,Akhyati,
Anivacaniyakhyati).

6. Matter and Mind :
Descartes, Spinoza, Leibnitz, Berkerley.

Section-B(Logic)

1.Truth and Validity

2.Classification of sentences :
Traditional and Modern.

3. Syllogism :
Figures and Moods; Rules of Syllogism (General
and special) validation by Venn Diagrames; Formal Fallacies.

4. Sentential Calculus : Symbolisation; Truth-Functions
and their interdefinability; Truth Tables; Formal Proof.

Section-'C' (Ethics)

1. Statement of fact and statement of value.
2. Right and Good; Teleology and Deontology.
3. Psychological Hedonism.
4. Utilitarianism (Bentham; J.S. Mill).
5. Kantian Ethics.
6. Problem of the freedom of will.
7. Moral Judgements : Descriptivism, Prescriptivism,
Emotivism.
8. Niskamakarma : Sthitaprajna.
9. Jaina Ethics
10. Four Noble Truths and Eight fold
path in Buddhism.
11. Gandhian Ethics : Satya, Ahimsa, Ends and Means.


Main Examination Syllabus - Subject : Philosophy

Paper-I (History and Problems of Philosophy)

Section-A

* Plato :
Theory of Ideas.

* Aristotle :
Form, Matter and causation.

* Descartes :
Cartesian Method and certain knowledge, God,
Mind-Body Dualism.

* Spinoza :
Substance, Attributes and Modes,
Pantheism; Bondage and Freedom.

* Leibnitz :
Monads; Theory of Perception God.

* Locke :
Theory of Knowledge, Rejection of Innate Ideas;
substance and qualities.

* Berkeley :
Immaterialism, God, Criticism of representative Theory
of Perception.

* Hume :
Theory of knowledge, Scepticism Self, Causality.

* Kant :
Distinctions between synthetic and analytic judgements
and between aprion and aposteriori judgements, Space,
Time Categories, Possibility of Synthetic Apriori
Judgements, Ideas of Reason and Antinomics;
Criticism of the Proofs for the Existence God.

* Hegel :
Dialectical Method, Absolute Idealism.

* Precursors of Linguistic Analysis :
Moore (Defence of common sense, Reputaion of idealism),
Russell (Theory of Descriptions).

* Logical Atomism :
Atomic Facts, Atomic sentences, Logical Constructions
and Incomplete Symbols (Rusell), Distinction of
saying and showing (Wittgenstein)

* Logical Positivism :
Verification theory and rejection of Metaphysics,
Linguistic Theory of Necessary Propositions.

* Phenomenology : Husserl.
* Existentiaslism : Kierkegaard, Sartre.
* Quine : Radical empiricism.
* Strawson : theory of person.

Section-B

* Carvaka :
Theory Knowledge, Materialism.

* Jainism :
Theory of Reality, Saptabhangi Naya, Bondage
and Liberation.

* Buddhism :
Pratityasamutpada, Ksanikavyds, Nairatmyavada,
Schools of Buddhism, Sautrantika Theory of Pramana,
Ideal of Bodhisattva.

* Samkhya :
Prakriti, Purusa, Theory of Causation, Liberation.

* Naya-Vaisesika :
Theory of Pramana, Self, Liberation, God and Proofs
of God’s Existence, Categories, Theory of
Causation, Atomistic theory of Creation.

* Mimansa :
Theory of Knowledge.

* Vedanta :
Schools of Vedanta Sankara, Ramanuja, Madhva
(Brahman, Isvara, atman, Jiva, Jagat, Maya,
Avidya Adhyasa, Moksa).

Paper-II

Section-A (Socio-Political Philosophy)

* Political Ideals :
Equality, Justice, Liberty.

* Sovereignty (Austin, Boidin, Laski, Kautilya).

* Individual and State.
* Democracy; Concept and forms.
* Socialism and Marxism.
* Humanism.
* Secularism.
* Theories of punishment.
* Co-existence and violence; Sarvoday.
* Gender-Equality.
* Scientific Temper and Progress.
* Philosophy of Ecology.

Section-B (Philosophy of Religion)

* Notions of God :
Personalistic, Imparsonalistic, Naturalistic.

* Prooofs of the Existence of God and their criticisms.
* Immortality of Soul.
* Liberation.
* Problem of Evil.
* Religious Knowledge :
Reason, Revelation and Mysticism.

* Religion without God.
* Religion and Morality.